Class 12 Political Science – Politics in India Since Independence Chapter 3 – Politics of Planned Development (नियोजित विकास की राजनीति) Notes

Class 12 Political Science – Politics in India Since Independence Chapter 3 – Politics of Planned Development - Short Notes

Understand India’s journey of planned development, Planning Commission, Five-Year Plans and Green Revolution in this bilingual Class 12 Political Science chapter for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Politics in India Since Independence Chapter 2 – Era of One-Party Dominance (एक-दलीय प्रभुत्व का युग) Notes

Class 12 Political Science – Politics in India Since Independence Chapter 2 – Era of One-Party Dominance - Short Notes

Understand India’s political evolution after independence — Congress dominance, opposition role, and coalition politics. Bilingual Class 12 Political Science notes for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Politics in India Since Independence Chapter 1 – Challenges of Nation-Building (राष्ट्र निर्माण की चुनौतियाँ) Notes

Class-12-Political-Science-–-Politics-in-India-Since-Independence-Chapter-1-–-Challenges-of-Nation-Building-Short-Notes

Understand India’s challenges after independence — from partition to integration and constitutional democracy. Class 12 Political Science bilingual notes for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Contemporary World Politics – Chapter 7 – Globalisation (वैश्वीकरण) Notes

Class-12-Political-Science-Contemporary-World-Politics-Chapter-7-–-Globalisation-Short-Notes

Explore how globalisation reshaped world politics and India’s economy. Class 12 Political Science bilingual notes with key questions and summary for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Contemporary World Politics – Chapter 6 – Environment and Natural Resources (पर्यावरण और प्राकृतिक संसाधन) Notes

Class 12 Political Science - Contemporary World Politics - Chapter 6 – Environment and Natural Resources - Short Notes

Explore the link between environment, development, and sustainability with bilingual Class 12 Political Science notes for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Contemporary World Politics – Chapter 4 – International Organisations (अंतरराष्ट्रीय संगठन) Notes

Class-12-Political-Science-Contemporary-World-Politics-Chapter-4-–-International-Organisations-Short

Understand the structure, functions, and reforms of the UN and India’s growing role in global peace and development. Class 12 Political Science notes for CBSE 2025–26.

Class 12 Political Science – Contemporary World Politics – Chapter 2 – Contemporary Centres of Power (समकालीन शक्ति केंद्र) Notes

Class-12-Political-Science-–-Contemporary-World-Politics-–-Chapter-2-–-Contemporary-Centres-of-Power-Short-Notes

Learn how EU, ASEAN, China, Japan, and Russia shaped world politics after the Cold War. Class 12 Political Science bilingual notes with key terms and questions.

Class 12 Political Science – Contemporary World Politics – Chapter 1 – The End of Bipolarity (द्विध्रुवीयता का अंत) Notes

Class-12-Political-Science-–-Contemporary-World-Politics-–-Chapter-1-–-The-End-of-Bipolarity-Short-Notes

Learn how the end of the Cold War and USSR’s collapse reshaped world politics. Class 12 Political Science notes with Hindi explanations and key questions.

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 6 Open Economy Macroeconomics (खुली अर्थव्यवस्था का व्यापक अर्थशास्त्र)

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 6 Open Economy Macroeconomics - Notes

Bilingual notes on open economy, foreign exchange, balance of payments, and exchange rate systems — fixed, flexible, and managed floating.

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 5 Government Budget and the Economy (सरकार का बजट और अर्थव्यवस्था)

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 5 Government Budget and the Economy - Notes

Understand revenue & capital receipts, fiscal and primary deficits, and objectives of fiscal policy with detailed bilingual explanations for Class 12.

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 4 Determination of Income and Employment (आय और रोजगार का निर्धारण)

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 4 Determination of Income and Employment - Notes

Keynesian theory explained: aggregate demand & supply, consumption and saving functions, multiplier and paradox of thrift. Bilingual Class 12 notes.

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 2 National Income Accounting (राष्ट्रीय आय लेखांकन)

Class 12 Economics (Introductory Macroeconomics) – Chapter 2 National Income Accounting - Notes

Understand GDP, GNP, NDP, NNP, and the methods of measuring national income — value added, income, and expenditure. Bilingual and exam-ready notes.